Datasets


As part of BiCOME the team are collecting and collating data which can be used to validate Essential Biodiversity Variables (EBVs) being produced as part of the project and quantify drivers in changes of these. The datasets are separated according to the coastal environments (intertidal, subtidal and pelagic) and study site, with global datasets being considered where appropriate.

 

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Validation and Pressure dataset descriptions


 
ID IT_2_benthic_intertidal_vegetation_tagus_estuary_and_aveiro_lagoon
Description Photo quadrat transects of benthic intertidal vegetation from the Tagus Estuary and Aveiro Lagoon, Portugal. Recorded % cover of Agarophyton vermiculophyllum, Fucus vesiculosus, Chaetomorpha, Ulva and Zostera noltei. Seagrass cover (Zostera) ranges from 0 – 100%. Dataset contains 419 sites (90 Tagus, 329 Aveiro Lagoon).   
Data Type Validation
Site Type Intertidal
Date Range 13 June 2022 - 17 June 2022
Location Portugal
Variables Species level % cover
Variable Type Continuous|Continuous (% cover)
Resolution
Access Link https://www.gbif.org/dataset/7b14790c-8ddf-4709-9596-c938f9d5dc11
Contact Bede Ffinian Rowe Davies
Citation Davies B F R, Figueira R, Oiry S, Sousa A, Gernez P, Barillé L (2022). Benthic Intertidal Vegetation from the Tagus Estuary and Aveiro Lagoon. Université de Nantes. Sampling event dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/n4ak6x.
Data Format .csv
Comments
Considerations for Use Permission to share with attribution.
License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
ID PE_2_phytoplankton_species_India
Description Phytoplankton species data collected for the HAB & WIDGEON Projects on nine surveys.  
Data Type Validation
Site Type Pelagic
Date Range 01 October 2021 - 26 August 2022
Location India
Variables Phytoplankton species counts
Variable Type Discrete
Resolution
Access Link
Contact Nansen Environmental Research Centre India (NERCI)
Citation
Data Format Excel
Comments Contact data providers to confirm the appropriate attribution. 
Considerations for Use No license information. Permission to share with attribution.
License
ID PE_4_floating_vegitation
Description In situ observations of floating vegetation from the shoreline of Lake Vembanad, India. Dataset contains 646 observations in total. 
Data Type Validation
Site Type Pelagic
Date Range 02 July 2021 - 01 August 2022
Location India
Variables floating vegetation presence/ absence
Variable Type Categorical
Resolution
Access Link
Contact Nansen Environmental Research Centre India (NERCI)
Citation
Data Format Excel
Comments
Considerations for Use
License
ID SST_CMEMS_Atlantic
Description European North West Shelf/Iberia Biscay Irish Seas – High Resolution ODYSSEA L4 Sea Surface Temperature Analysis. Daily gap-free maps of sea surface temperature at 0.02deg x 0.02deg horizontal resolution, using satellite data from both infra-red and micro-wave radiometers. 
Data Type Pressure
Site Type Intertidal
Date Range 19 December 2018 - 19 December 2022
Location North West Atlantic
Variables Sea Surface Temperature
Variable Type Continuous
Resolution 0.02°
Access Link https://data.marine.copernicus.eu/product/SST_ATL_SST_L4_NRT_OBSERVATIONS_010_025/description 
Contact CMEMS
Citation European North West Shelf/Iberia Biscay Irish Seas – High Resolution ODYSSEA L4 Sea Surface Temperature Analysis, https://doi.org/10.48670/moi-00152  
Data Format netCDF
Comments
Considerations for Use
License https://marine.copernicus.eu/user-corner/service-commitments-and-licence
ID IT_1_seagrass_percent_cover_bourgneuf_bay
Description Quadrat transects measuring benthic cover in Bourgneuf Bay, France, over 3 time periods. The dataset contains 90 observations in total. Seagrass cover ranges from 0-100%, benthic classes categories are ‘Mixed’, ‘Seagrass’, ‘Macroalgae’.
Data Type Validation
Site Type Intertidal
Date Range 14 September 2018 - 16 September 2020
Location France
Variables Seagrass % cover, benthic class
Variable Type Continuous|Categorical
Resolution
Access Link
Contact Laurent Barillé
Citation Zoffoli, M.L., Gernez, P., Rosa, P., Le Bris, A., Brando, V.E., Barillé, A.L., Harin, N., Peters, S., Poser, K., Spaias, L. and Peralta, G., 2020. Sentinel-2 remote sensing of Zostera noltei-dominated intertidal seagrass meadows. Remote Sensing of Environment, 251, p.112020.
Data Format Shapefile
Comments
Considerations for Use No license information. Permission to share with attribution.
License
ID ST_1_ Bazaruto_Mozambique
Description Field measurements of depth and habitat type collected via snorkelling, transects and boat-based surveys in Bazaruto Archipelago National Park Mozambique, funded and managed by WWF. The dataset contains 175 observations. Classes for habitat type are: 'seagrass', 'sparse seagrass', 'sand'. 
Data Type Validation
Site Type Subtidal
Date Range 09 February 2016 - 10 February 2016
Location Mozambique
Variables depth, benthic class
Variable Type Continuous|Categorical
Resolution
Access Link
Contact Dimos Traganos
Citation Traganos, D., Pertiwi, A.P., Lee, C.B., Blume, A., Poursanidis, D. and Shapiro, A., 2022. Earth observation for ecosystem accounting: spatially explicit national seagrass extent and carbon stock in Kenya, Tanzania, Mozambique and Madagascar. Remote Sensing in Ecology and Conservation.
Data Format Shapefile
Comments
Considerations for Use No license information. Permission to share with attribution.
License
ID France_river_flow
Description Daily mean flow (m3/s)  time for selected rivers from IFREMER. 
 
Data Type Pressure
Site Type Intertidal
Date Range 01 January 2015 - 19 December 2022
Location Local: Selected French rivers
Variables Daily mean river flow
Variable Type Continuous
Resolution
Access Link https://co.ifremer.fr/co-en/eulerianNetwork?contextId=386
Contact IFREMER
Citation
Data Format netCDF
Comments Date start and date end depend on the individual station used.
Considerations for Use No license information available.
License
ID PE_5_sargassum_Goodwin
Description Visual observations from 61 oceanographic research cruises across the North Atlantic Ocean and Caribbean Sea. 6790 observations in total. Observers documented any Sargassum alongside the port side. Pelagic Sargassum was recorded in multiple categories reflecting states of aggregation: fragments, clumps, windrows, and mats. Fragments and clumps were counted when within 5 m of the ship. Windrows were counted when they passed perpendicular to the observer or within 50 m of the ship. Large mats were recorded when seen, typically within 100 m of the ship but occasionally at greater distance during calm conditions.
Data Type Validation
Site Type Pelagic
Date Range 01 October 2011 - 01 March 2020
Location North Atlantic
Variables Sargassum presence/absence
Variable Type Categorical
Resolution
Access Link https://peerj.com/articles/14079/
Contact Amy Siuda
Citation Goodwin, D.S., Siuda, A.N.S., Schell, J.M. 2022. In situ observation of holopelagic Sargassum distribution and aggregation state across the entire North Atlantic from 2011 to 2020. PeerJ 10:e14079 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.14079 
 
Data Format .csv
Comments
Considerations for Use Permission to share with attribution.
License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
ID ST_2_ Allen_Coral_Atlas_Mozambique
Description Reference data points provided by the Allen Coral Atlas project. Points were created by leveraging high-resolution optical satellite data, existing maps, new or existing field data collected in situ measurements and photointerpretation. Classes for habitat type are: seagrass presence and absence.  Dataset contains 6667 observations of seagrass presence/absence along the Mozambique coast.
Data Type Validation
Site Type Subtidal
Date Range 01 January 2010 - 01 January 2020
Location Mozambique
Variables Seagrass presence/absence
Variable Type Categorical
Resolution
Access Link
Contact Dimos Traganos
Citation Roelfsema, C.M., Lyons, M., Murray, N., Kovacs, E.M., Kennedy, E., Markey, K., Borrego-Acevedo, R., Ordoñez Alvarez, A., Say, C., Tudman, P., Roe, M., Wolff, J., Traganos, D., Asner, G.P., Bambic, B., Free, B., Fox, H.E., Lieb, Z. and Phinn, S.R. (2021) Workflow for the Generation of Expert-Derived Training and Validation Data: A View to Global Scale Habitat Mapping. Front. Mar. Sci. 8:643381. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2021.643381 
Data Format Shapefile
Comments Due to the creation methodology no temporal information is available apart from the reported period of data creation.  
Considerations for Use Data is not sharable.
License
ID SM_4_seagrassspotter
Description SeagrassSpotter is a citizen science tool for monitoring seagrass presence and is part of Project Seagrass in association with Cardiff University and Swansea University. 
Data Type Validation
Site Type Intertidal / Subtidal
Date Range 01 May 2004 - 15 July 2022
Location Global
Variables Seagrass presence/absence
Variable Type Categorical
Resolution
Access Link https://api.seagrassspotter.org/
Contact Project Seagrass
Citation
Data Format Shapefile
Comments Note for BiCOME records older than 2015/06/29 have been removed (as out of Sentinel 2 observation period).
Considerations for Use
License
ID Coastal_eutrophication_Maure
Description Global Coastal Eutrophication
 
Data Type Pressure
Site Type Subtidal
Date Range 01 January 2001 - 31 December 2021
Location Global
Variables Eutrophication Potential
Variable Type Categorical
Resolution 4km
Access Link
Contact Shubha Sathyendrananth and Thomas Jackson
Citation Maúre ER, Terauchi G, Ishizaka J, Clinton N, DeWitt M. Globally consistent assessment of coastal eutrophication. Nat Commun. 2021 Oct 22;12(1):6142. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-26391-9. PMID: 34686688; PMCID: PMC8536747.
 
Data Format Google Earth Engine
Comments
Considerations for Use
License
ID OC_CCI_kd490
Description Dataset produced by the Ocean Colour project of the ESA Climate Change Initiative (CCI) Version 6. Data products being produced include: phytoplankton chlorophyll-a concentration; remote-sensing reflectance at six wavelengths; total absorption and backscattering coefficients; phytoplankton absorption coefficient and absorption coefficients for dissolved and detrital material; and the diffuse attenuation coefficient for downwelling irradiance for light of wavelength 490 nm.
Data Type Pressure
Site Type Subtidal
Date Range 04 September 1997 - 30 June 2022
Location Global
Variables Kd490 attenuation coefficient for downwelling irradiance, Inherent Optical Properties (IOP): total absorption and backscattering coefficients and their components (atot, aph, adg, bbp)
Variable Type Continuous
Resolution 1km
Access Link https://www.oceancolour.org/
Contact ESA Ocean Colour CCI
Citation Sathyendranath, S, Brewin, RJW, Brockmann, C, Brotas, V, Calton, B, Chuprin, A, Cipollini, P, Couto, AB, Dingle, J, Doerffer, R, Donlon, C, Dowell, M, Farman, A, Grant, M, Groom, S, Horseman, A, Jackson, T, Krasemann, H, Lavender, S, Martinez-Vicente, V, Mazeran, C, Mélin, F, Moore, TS, Müller, D, Regner, P, Roy, S, Steele, CJ, Steinmetz, F, Swinton, J, Taberner, M, Thompson, A, Valente, A, Zühlke, M, Brando, VE, Feng, H, Feldman, G, Franz, BA, Frouin, R, Gould, Jr., RW, Hooker, SB, Kahru, M, Kratzer, S, Mitchell, BG, Muller-Karger, F, Sosik, HM, Voss, KJ, Werdell, J, and Platt, T (2019) An ocean-colour time series for use in climate studies: the experience of the Ocean-Colour Climate Change Initiative (OC-CCI). Sensors: 19, 4285. doi:10.3390/s19194285
Data Format netCDF
Comments
Considerations for Use
License
ID PE_3_phytoplankton_species_L4
Description Phytoplankton species data from the L4 sampling station Western Channel Observatory from the 10m depth. Phytoplankton time-series with taxa-specific and total functional group abundance (cells mL-1) and biomass (mgC m-3) data. 
Data Type Validation
Site Type Pelagic
Date Range 01 January 1992 - 01 January 2020
Location UK
Variables Phytoplankton species counts
Variable Type Discrete
Resolution
Access Link https://www.bodc.ac.uk/data/published_data_library/catalogue/10.5285/c9386b5c-b459-782f-e053-6c86abc0d129/
Contact Claire Widdicombe
Citation Widdicomb,e C.E., Harbour, D.(2021). Phytoplankton taxonomic abundance and biomass time-series at Plymouth Station L4 in the Western English Channel, 1992-2020. NERC EDS British Oceanographic Data Centre NOC. doi:10.5285/c9386b5c-b459-782f-e053-6c86abc0d129
Data Format Excel
Comments
Considerations for Use Permission to share with attribution (including attribution statement ‘Contains data supplied by the Natural Environment Research Council.’)
License https://www.bodc.ac.uk/data/documents/nodb/599476/
ID PE_1_HPLC_pigments_BB
Description Database of HPLC measurements from Bob Brewin and Xuerong Sun (University of Exeter) and data from public domains. All the samples are from surface ocean (<= 20 m). Includes pigments TChl_a, TChlb, Allo, But, Fuco, Hex, Peri, Zea (mg m-3). 
Data Type Validation
Site Type Pelagic
Date Range 01 December 1991 - 31 December 2021
Location Global
Variables Pigment concentrations
Variable Type Continuous
Resolution
Access Link
Contact Xuerong Sun (University of Exeter), Bob Brewin (University of Exeter)
Citation Sun, X., Brewin, R.J., Sathyendranath, S., Dall’Olmo, G., Airs, R., Barlow, R., Bracher, A., Brotas, V., Kheireddine, M., Lamont, T. and Marañón, E., 2023. Coupling ecological concepts with an ocean-colour model: Phytoplankton size structure. Remote Sensing of Environment, 285, p.113415.
Data Format Excel
Comments
Considerations for Use In addition to the dataset citation, records from public domains (e.g. PANGAEA, AODN, DATAONE, BCODMO, EDI) need to be cited individually. Permission to share with attribution.
License
ID Marine_heatwaves_atlas
Description Daily records of Marine Heatwaves (MHW) intensities and categories resulting from detection conducted on European Space Agency (ESA) Climate Change Initiative (CCI) Sea Surface Temperature (SST) satellite product.
Data Type Pressure
Site Type Pelagic
Date Range 01 January 1982 - 31 December 2021
Location Global
Variables Marine Heat Wave Intensity, Event Category
Variable Type Continuous|Categorical
Resolution 1˚
Access Link https://zenodo.org/record/7473733#.ZAiW1nbP1Ea
Contact ESA CAREHeat
Citation Leonelli, Francesca Elisa, de Toma, Vincenzo, Pisano, Andrea, Yang, Chunxue, Marullo, Salvatore, & Santoleri, Rosalia. (2022). Global Atlas of Marine Heatwaves (MHWs) as detected from ESA CCI SST 1°x1° covering 1982-2021 (1.0.) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7473733
Data Format netCDF
Comments
Considerations for Use
License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
ID Satellite_SST_Data
Description ESA CCI/ C3S Sea Surface Temperature - The ESA SST CCI dataset was produced as part of the European Space Agency (ESA) Climate Change Initiative Sea Surface Temperature project. The dataset provides surface temperature of the global oceans over the period 1981 to 2016 using observations from many satellites; the series of Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometers (AVHRRs), the series of Along Track Scanning Radiometers (ATSRs), and the Sea and Land Surface Temperature Radiometer (SLSTR). The C3S dataset is generated using the same software and algorithms developed for ESA SST CCI and extends the timeseries to 2021.
Data Type Pressure
Site Type Subtidal
Date Range 01 September 1981 - 31 December 2021
Location Global
Variables Sea Surface Temperature (˚K)
Variable Type Continuous
Resolution 5km
Access Link
Contact CMEMS
Citation Merchant, C.J., Embury, O., Bulgin, C.E., Block T., Corlett, G.K., Fiedler, E., Good, S.A., Mittaz, J., Rayner, N.A., Berry, D., Eastwood, S., Taylor, M., Tsushima, Y., Waterfall, A., Wilson, R., Donlon, C. Satellite-based time-series of sea-surface temperature since 1981 for climate applications, Scientific Data 6:223 (2019). http://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-019-0236-x
 
Good, S., Fiedler, E., Mao, C., Martin, M.J., Maycock, A., Reid, R., Roberts-Jones, J., Searle, T., Waters, J., While, J., Worsfold, M. The Current Configuration of the OSTIA System for Operational Production of Foundation Sea Surface Temperature and Ice Concentration Analyses. Remote Sens. 2020, 12, 720, doi:10.3390/rs12040720
 
Data Format NetCDF
Comments
Considerations for Use
License
ID SST_CCI
Description The ESA SST CCI dataset was produced as part of the European Space Agency (ESA) Climate Change Initiative Sea Surface Temperature project. The dataset provides surface temperature of the global oceans over the period 1981 to 2016 using observations from many satellites; the series of Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometers (AVHRRs), the series of Along Track Scanning Radiometers (ATSRs), and the Sea and Land Surface Temperature Radiometer (SLSTR). The C3S dataset is generated using the same software and algorithms developed for ESA SST CCI and extends the timeseries to 2021.
Data Type Pressure
Site Type Subtidal
Date Range 09 January 1981 - 19 December 2021
Location Global
Variables Sea Surface Temperature
Variable Type Continuous
Resolution 5km
Access Link https://data.marine.copernicus.eu/product/SST_GLO_SST_L4_REP_OBSERVATIONS_010_024/description 
Contact CMEMS
Citation Merchant, C.J., Embury, O., Bulgin, C.E., Block T., Corlett, G.K., Fiedler, E., Good, S.A., Mittaz, J., Rayner, N.A., Berry, D., Eastwood, S., Taylor, M., Tsushima, Y., Waterfall, A., Wilson, R., Donlon, C. Satellite-based time-series of sea-surface temperature since 1981 for climate applications, Scientific Data 6:223 (2019). http://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-019-0236-x 
Good, S., Fiedler, E., Mao, C., Martin, M.J., Maycock, A., Reid, R., Roberts-Jones, J., Searle, T., Waters, J., While, J., Worsfold, M. The Current Configuration of the OSTIA System for Operational Production of Foundation Sea Surface Temperature and Ice Concentration Analyses. Remote Sens. 2020, 12, 720, doi:10.3390/rs12040720 
Data Format netCDF
Comments
Considerations for Use
License https://marine.copernicus.eu/user-corner/service-commitments-and-licence 
ID Global_river_discharge
Description River discharge and related historical data from the Global Flood Awareness System. This dataset provides a modelled time series of gridded river discharge. It is a product of the Global Flood Awareness System (GloFAS) and was produced using a hydrological model forced by the ERA5 meteorological reanalysis data.
Data Type Pressure
Site Type Pelagic
Date Range 15 January 1980 - 01 July 2022
Location Global
Variables River discharge in the last 24 hours (m3 s-1)
Variable Type Continuous
Resolution 0.1° or 0.05°
Access Link https://cds.climate.copernicus.eu/cdsapp#!/dataset/cems-glofas-historical?tab=overview
Contact ECMWF
Citation Harrigan, S., Zsoter, E., Alfieri, L., Prudhomme, C., Salamon, P., Wetterhall, F., Barnard, C., Cloke, H. and Pappenberger, F., 2020. GloFAS-ERA5 operational global river discharge reanalysis 1979–present. Earth System Science Data, 12(3), pp.2043-2060. 
 
Data Format netCDF
Comments
Considerations for Use
License //cds.climate.copernicus.eu/api/v2/terms/static/cems-floods.pdf
ID UK_river_flow
Description UK daily mean flow (m3/s)  time series from the Environment Agency Hydrology Data Explorer. Data is from the UK National River Flow Archive (NRFA) which is hosted by the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH).   
Data Type Pressure
Site Type Pelagic
Date Range 15 December 1975 - 15 December 2022
Location UK
Variables Daily mean river flow
Variable Type Continuous
Resolution
Access Link  https://environment.data.gov.uk/hydrology/explore
Contact UK National River Flow Archive NRFA
Citation Cite individual station: National River Flow Archive, http://nrfa.ceh.ac.uk/data/station/info/[id] [date]. 
Data Format .csv
Comments Date start and date end depend on the individual station used.
Considerations for Use
License https://eidc.ceh.ac.uk/licences/nrfa-data-terms-and-conditions-for-api-access-to-time-series-data-and-metadata/plain 
ID SM_2_eov_macroalgae_emodnet
Description Macroalgal canopy cover (Essential Ocean Variable) in Europe - points (2021) and polygons (2019). This dataset aims to show the current known extent and distribution of macroalgal canopy in European waters, collated by EMODnet Seabed Habitats.
Data Type Validation
Site Type Intertidal / Subtidal
Date Range 15 December 1968 - 15 December 2021
Location Europe
Variables Macroalgae presence/absence
Variable Type Categorical
Resolution
Access Link https://emodnet.ec.europa.eu/geonetwork/srv/eng/catalog.search#/metadata/913a0ee4-45d7-45aa-8de2-3d31af0f7c0e 
Contact EMODnet Seabed Habitats
Citation Points: Lillis, H 2021. A combined, harmonized data product showing the best evidence for the distribution of 3 essential ocean variables in Europe. EMODnet report https://www.emodnet-seabedhabitats.eu/media/1845/d304_eov-report.pdf

Polygons: O’Keefe, E., Lillis, H. 2019. Generating Essential Ocean Variables. EMODnet report https://www.emodnet-seabedhabitats.eu/media/1626/c20190514_generating_eovs.pdf
 
Data Format Shapefile
Comments Note for BiCOME these records have been filtered to those in the Sentinel 2 observation period, so records older than 2015/06/29 have been removed.
Considerations for Use Permission to share with attribution. 
License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
ID ERA5_climate_data
Description Global climate reanalysis from ECMWF. The reanalysis combines model data with observations. ERA5 provides hourly estimates for a large number of atmospheric, ocean-wave and land-surface quantities. An uncertainty estimate is sampled by an underlying 10-member ensemble at three-hourly intervals. Data has been regridded to a regular lat-lon grid of 0.25 degrees for the reanalysis and 0.5 degrees for the uncertainty estimate (0.5 and 1 degree respectively for ocean waves).  Variables are available at hourly and monthly timeliness levels. 
Data Type Pressure
Site Type Intertidal
Date Range 14 December 1959 - 14 December 2022
Location Global
Variables Surface solar radiation downwards, 2m air temperature, wind velocity, Total precipitation, wind velocity
Variable Type Continuous
Resolution 0.25°
Access Link https://cds.climate.copernicus.eu/cdsapp#!/dataset/10.24381/cds.f17050d7?tab=overview 
Contact ECMWF
Citation Hersbach, H., Bell, B., Berrisford, P., Biavati, G., Horányi, A., Muñoz Sabater, J., Nicolas, J., Peubey, C., Radu, R., Rozum, I., Schepers, D., Simmons, A., Soci, C., Dee, D., Thépaut, J-N. (2018): ERA5 hourly data on single levels from 1959 to present. Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) Climate Data Store (CDS). (Accessed on 22/11/2022), 10.24381/cds.adbb2d47 

Hersbach, H., Bell, B., Berrisford, P., Biavati, G., Horányi, A., Muñoz Sabater, J., Nicolas, J., Peubey, C., Radu, R., Rozum, I., Schepers, D., Simmons, A., Soci, C., Dee, D., Thépaut, J-N. (2019): ERA5 monthly averaged data on single levels from 1959 to present. Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) Climate Data Store (CDS). (Accessed on 22/11/2022), 10.24381/cds.f17050d7
Data Format netCDF
Comments
Considerations for Use
License https://cds.climate.copernicus.eu/api/v2/terms/static/licence-to-use-copernicus-products.pdf 
ID SM_1_eov_seagrass_emodnet
Description Seagrass cover (Essential Ocean Variable) in Europe - points (2021) and polygons (2019). This dataset aims to show the current known extent and distribution of Seagrass meadows in European waters, collated by EMODnet Seabed Habitats.
Data Type Validation
Site Type Intertidal / Subtidal
Date Range 14 December 1956 - 01 January 2021
Location Europe
Variables Seagrass presence/absence, some records have additional species or eov subtype level detail
Variable Type Categorical
Resolution
Access Link https://emodnet.ec.europa.eu/geonetwork/srv/eng/catalog.search#/metadata/39746d9c-4220-425c-bc26-7cb3056c36a5  
Contact EMODnet Seabed Habitats
Citation Points: Lillis, H 2021. A combined, harmonized data product showing the best evidence for the distribution of 3 essential ocean variables in Europe. EMODnet report https://www.emodnet-seabedhabitats.eu/media/1845/d304_eov-report.pdf

Polygons: O’Keefe, E., Lillis, H. 2019. Generating Essential Ocean Variables. EMODnet report https://www.emodnet-seabedhabitats.eu/media/1626/c20190514_generating_eovs.pdf
Data Format Shapefile
Comments Some records have additional species or eov subtype level detail. Note for BiCOME these records have been filtered to those in the Sentinel 2 observation period, so records older than 2015/06/29 have been removed.
Considerations for Use Permission to share with attribution. 
License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
ID SM_3_unep_wcmc_seagrass
Description This dataset shows the global distribution of seagrasses. It is composed of point and polygon data compiled from multiple sources, including from maps, expert interpolation and point-based samples. Before inclusion in the dataset, records were reviewed using published reports, peer-reviewed literature and expert consultation. 
Data Type Validation
Site Type Intertidal / Subtidal
Date Range 15 December 1934 - 15 December 2020
Location Global
Variables Seagrass presence/absence
Variable Type Categorical
Resolution
Access Link https://data.unep-wcmc.org/datasets/7
Contact UNEP-WCMC
Citation UNEP-WCMC, Short FT (2021). Global distribution of seagrasses (version 7.1). Seventh update to the data layer used in Green and Short (2003). Cambridge (UK): UN Environment World Conservation Monitoring Centre. Data DOI: https://doi.org/10.34892/x6r3-d211 
Data Format Shapefile
Comments Not many observations with date information from the Sentinel 2 observation period (June 2015 onwards).
Considerations for Use Not redistributable without permission. Limitations of commercial use.
License https://www.unep-wcmc.org/en/general-data-license
ID Marine_Protected_Areas
Description World Database of Marine Protected Areas (WDPA). The WDPA is a comprehensive global spatial dataset on marine and terrestrial protected areas, updated on a monthly basis. The WDPA is a joint project between UN Environment Programme and the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). The compilation and management of the WDPA is carried out by UN Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC).
Data Type Pressure
Site Type Pelagic
Date Range 01 January 1893 - 01 January 2022
Location Global
Variables Database of Marine Protected Areas
Variable Type Continuous (bounds)
Resolution Variable
Access Link
Contact UNEP-WCMC
Citation UNEP-WCMC and IUCN (2022, Protected Planet: The World Database on Protected Areas (WDPA) [On-line], [11/2022], Cambridge, UK: UNEP-WCMC and IUCN. Available at: www.protectedplanet.net.
 
Data Format Shapefile / Geopackage
Comments
Considerations for Use
License
ID SM_5_OBIS_seagrass
Description Seagrass records extracted from the Ocean Biodiversity Information System (OBIS). Extracted records for Posidoniaceae, Zosteraceae, Cymodoceaceae, Hydrocharitaceae Thalassia, Hydrocharitaceae Enhalus, Hydrocharitaceae Halophila. Total of 20151 observations since 2015-06-29.
Data Type Validation
Site Type Intertidal / Subtidal
Date Range 01 January 1805 - 19 December 2022
Location Global
Variables Seagrass presence/absence, Seagrass species % cover
Variable Type Continuous|Categorical
Resolution
Access Link https://www.obis.org/   
Contact OBIS
Citation OBIS (2022) Ocean Biodiversity Information System. Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO. www.obis.org.
Data Format .csv
Comments Note for BiCOME records older than 2015/06/29 have been removed (as out of Sentinel 2 observation period).
Considerations for Use Permission to share with attribution.
License  https://manual.obis.org/policy.html